RTC (Record of Rights, Tenancy and Crops)

Also known as: Pahani, RTC, record of rights, utara

The RTC, also called the Pahani, is Karnataka's revenue record for agricultural land, showing the recorded owner, the cultivator, the extent, the land classification and the crops grown.

Issued through the Bhoomi portal, the RTC is organised in numbered columns. Column 9 records the owner, column 12 the cultivator, and column 11 carries the mutation reference that links the current entry to the transaction that created it - which makes column 11 the single most useful field for tracing how ownership changed. The RTC also states the kharab extent, the portion of the survey number classified as uncultivable and therefore not always transferable.

What it proves

What the revenue department has recorded about possession, cultivation and classification of the land.

What it does not prove

The RTC is a presumptive revenue record, not a title document. It does not prove ownership - ownership is established by registered deeds. An RTC can name a person who has no valid title, and a valid owner may not appear on it.

Issued by

Department of Revenue, Government of Karnataka (Bhoomi)

Applies in

Karnataka